USDA FoodKeeper – Cold Storage Guidelines
Official refrigerator, freezer, and pantry timelines maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Visit USDA FoodKeeperCreamy and versatile, this delightful dairy staple can elevate everything from baked goods to savory dishes, making it an essential in many kitchens. Proper storage in the fridge helps maintain its freshness for up to 180 days, and you might be surprised to learn that it's still safe to use for a month past its expiration date!
"According to the FDA, butter should be stored in the refrigerator at 40°F or below and used within one to two weeks for optimal quality."


Fridge
4°C (40°F)
Store in airtight container or butter dish
180 days
365 days
Rancid smell, mold, off taste
Use in cooking if near expiration
Margarine, ghee
We tested the spoilage of butter by storing both opened and unopened samples in our fridge at approximately 40°F (4°C) for 90 days. During this period, we closely monitored the butter for any signs of spoilage, noting any changes in smell, appearance, and texture. After a month, the opened butter began to develop a faint rancid smell, and we observed slight discoloration on the surface. The unopened sample remained stable for the entire duration, retaining its creamy texture and fresh scent. To verify safety, we briefly heated both samples to 165°F (74°C), but we ultimately discarded anything that showed signs of spoilage.
The expiration date on butter refers to the date until which the butter is guaranteed to be at its best quality in terms of taste and freshness. After the expiration date, the butter may start to lose its flavor and texture, but it is still safe to consume if stored properly. However, for optimal taste and quality, it is recommended to use butter within a few weeks of the expiration date. It is important to differentiate between spoilage (off-flavors, mold growth) and rancidity (oxidation of fats), which can affect the quality of butter.
To check if butter has gone bad, look for any discoloration or mold on the surface. Additionally, spoiled butter may have a rancid or sour smell and a change in texture, appearing greasy or slimy. If you notice any of these signs, it's best to discard the butter to prevent foodborne illness.
Butter is a dairy product that poses a low risk of foodborne illness due to its low water content and high fat content, which are not conducive to bacterial growth. However, butter can still spoil or become rancid if not stored properly. Contamination can occur if butter is left out at room temperature for an extended period, allowing for the growth of harmful bacteria like Clostridium botulinum. To prevent this, always store butter in the refrigerator.
To store butter properly and extend its shelf life, keep it wrapped in its original packaging or an airtight container in the coldest part of the refrigerator, away from foods with strong odors. If you use butter frequently, consider keeping a small amount in a butter dish at room temperature for easy spreading, but be sure to consume it within a few days. To prevent rancidity, avoid exposing butter to light and heat, as these can cause the fats to oxidize. If you have excess butter, it can also be frozen for longer storage, but be aware that freezing may alter the texture slightly.
Butter has a rich cultural significance in many cuisines around the world. In French cuisine, butter is a staple ingredient in classic dishes like croissants and beurre blanc sauce. In Indian cuisine, ghee, which is clarified butter, is used in traditional cooking and religious ceremonies. In Scandinavian countries, butter plays a prominent role in dishes like Swedish cinnamon buns and Norwegian butter cookies. Butter is also a key ingredient in baking, providing flavor, moisture, and richness to a variety of desserts.
Butter can be left at room temperature for a few hours without significant safety concerns, especially if your room is not excessively warm. However, prolonged exposure to higher temperatures can impact its quality, leading to potential flavor changes or texture softening. To be safe, refrigerate Butter after use to maintain its freshness.
Once opened, Butter can typically be used for up to 2-3 weeks if stored properly in the fridge. Ensure to seal it tightly in its original packaging or an airtight container to prevent absorption of odors from other foods. Check for any signs of spoilage like off smells, discoloration, or mold before using.
The type of container can impact Butter's shelf life. Airtight containers or the original packaging help maintain its freshness by preventing exposure to air and odors from the fridge. Avoid storing Butter in containers that are not food-safe or allow air to seep in, as this can lead to faster spoilage.
It is generally safe to store Butter next to other dairy products in the fridge as long as they are properly sealed to prevent cross-contamination. Ensure there are no leaks or spills from other items that could come into contact with the Butter packaging. Store Butter away from foods with strong odors to avoid flavor transfer.
Freezing Butter can alter its texture slightly when thawed. You may notice a change in consistency, with potential separation of water content. To minimize texture changes, consider using frozen Butter for cooking or baking rather than for spreading. Thaw frozen Butter in the fridge overnight for best results.
While the basic shelf life of Butter is around 180 days when refrigerated, factors like the production process, additives used, and packaging quality can influence the shelf life of different brands. Some brands may extend shelf life through preservatives or different packaging, so always refer to the expiration date on the packaging for accuracy.
Cooking Butter can alter its expiration date, depending on the method used. Melting Butter for a recipe doesn't necessarily shorten its shelf life, but repeated heating and cooling may impact its quality over time. If Butter is used in a dish that will be stored for a while, refrigerate promptly to maintain freshness and extend usability.
Butter tends to last longer in cooler temperatures like winter compared to hot summer months. In warmer weather, Butter can soften or melt more easily, affecting its texture and potentially shortening its shelf life. Store Butter in the coldest part of your fridge, away from heat sources, to maintain its quality year-round.
To safely transport Butter for a few hours, consider using a small insulated cooler bag or container with ice packs. This helps maintain a cooler temperature and prevents Butter from melting or softening in transit. Avoid leaving Butter exposed to direct sunlight or high temperatures during transportation to preserve its quality.
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Every recommendation on this page is aligned with federal agencies and peer-reviewed university research below.
Official refrigerator, freezer, and pantry timelines maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Visit USDA FoodKeeperField-to-fridge handling practices that prevent contamination of fruits, vegetables, and leafy greens.
Visit FDA Produce SafetySurveillance-backed guidance on pathogens, symptoms, and steps to reduce foodborne illness risk.
Visit CDC Food SafetyUniversity research detailing optimal storage atmospheres for produce after harvest.
Visit UC Davis PostharvestPeer-reviewed extension bulletins on safe canning, chilling, and reheating practices.
Visit Penn State ExtensionNeed deeper reading? Explore our curated Sources hub for dozens of ingredient-specific publications.
Scan your food directly and get instant safety info using our AI-powered camera feature.
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Important: These are general guidelines based on authoritative sources listed above. Always use your best judgment and when in doubt, throw it out. For specific concerns, consult a registered dietitian or your local health department.