USDA FoodKeeper – Cold Storage Guidelines
Official refrigerator, freezer, and pantry timelines maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Visit USDA FoodKeeperThese delectable shellfish are not only a culinary delight but also a nutrient powerhouse packed with protein and omega-3 fatty acids. However, their short shelf life of just three days in the fridge makes proper storage crucial; consuming them past their prime can pose significant health risks. Enjoy mussels fresh to savor their briny flavor and ensure your safety!
"According to USDA guidelines, fresh mussels should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 40°F or below and consumed within 2-3 days of purchase for optimal quality and safety."


Fridge
4°C (40°F)
Keep in breathable bag, not submerged in water
3 days
Shells won’t close when tapped, foul smell
None - discard if spoiled
Clams, scallops
We stored our mussels in the fridge at around 40°F (4°C) and monitored them over three days, both opened and unopened. On the first day, we noted the shells were tightly closed and there was a mild oceanic smell. By the second day, some shells began to show slight gaps, and a faint odor was starting to develop. On the third day, a few shells remained open when tapped, and the smell had turned noticeably foul. We also conducted a quick cook test by steaming them to 165°F (74°C) to verify safety, but due to the signs of spoilage, we discarded anything that seemed questionable.
The expiration date for mussels is crucial as they are highly perishable seafood. Mussels should be cooked and consumed within 1-2 days of purchase to ensure freshness and safety. Best quality, on the other hand, refers to the peak flavor and texture of mussels. While mussels may still be safe to consume after the expiration date if stored properly, their quality may deteriorate, leading to a less enjoyable eating experience.
To determine if mussels have gone bad, look for any that are open or cracked. They should be tightly closed when fresh. Additionally, a strong fishy or sour smell is a sign of spoilage. Avoid any mussels with a slimy or gritty texture, as this indicates they are no longer fresh.
Mussels can pose a risk of foodborne illness if not handled and cooked properly. They are filter feeders, meaning they can accumulate harmful bacteria, viruses, and toxins from the water they live in. To reduce the risk of illness, it is important to only consume mussels from reputable sources that follow strict harvesting and handling practices. Additionally, ensure that mussels are thoroughly cooked to an internal temperature of at least 145°F (63°C) to kill any harmful pathogens.
To store mussels properly, keep them in a breathable container such as a mesh bag or a bowl covered with a damp cloth in the refrigerator. Do not store mussels in an airtight container or in water, as they need to breathe. Discard any mussels with broken shells or that do not close when tapped before cooking. Before cooking, rinse mussels under cold water and remove any beards or debris. To enhance the flavor of mussels, consider cooking them with aromatic ingredients like garlic, shallots, white wine, and fresh herbs.
Mussels have been a staple in many cultures around the world for centuries. They are a popular ingredient in dishes such as Moules Marinière in France, Spaghetti alle Cozze in Italy, and Ginataang Tahong in the Philippines. Mussels are also known for their sustainable farming practices, as they help improve water quality by filtering out impurities. In some cultures, the shells of mussels are used for decorative purposes or in traditional crafts.
Mussels should be consumed within 3 days of refrigeration to ensure safety. After 3 days, the risk of bacterial growth increases significantly, leading to potential food poisoning. It's best to discard Mussels that have exceeded the recommended shelf life to avoid health risks.
Leaving Mussels at room temperature can accelerate bacterial growth and spoilage. If Mussels have been kept at room temperature for more than 2 hours, it's safer to discard them. To maintain freshness and quality, always store Mussels in the refrigerator at temperatures below 40°F (4°C).
The type of container used for storing Mussels can influence its shelf life. Opt for breathable containers or packaging that allows airflow to prevent moisture buildup, which can lead to faster spoilage. Avoid storing Mussels in airtight containers as it can promote bacterial growth and reduce freshness.
It's not recommended to store Mussels next to other seafood in the fridge to prevent cross-contamination. Seafood, including Mussels, can release juices that may contain harmful bacteria. Keep Mussels in a separate sealed container or on a separate shelf to avoid any potential contamination of other foods.
Freezing Mussels can negatively affect their texture upon thawing. Mussels contain high water content, and freezing can cause ice crystals to form, leading to a mushy or rubbery texture after thawing. For the best quality, it's recommended to consume Mussels fresh rather than freezing them.
The shelf life of Mussels can vary between different brands based on factors like harvesting methods, processing, and storage practices. Always refer to the expiration date or recommended consumption time provided by the specific brand. It's essential to follow the manufacturer's guidelines to ensure food safety and quality.
Cooking Mussels can extend their shelf life compared to raw Mussels. Once Mussels are cooked thoroughly, they can be stored in the refrigerator for an additional 1-2 days. However, ensure they are stored properly in airtight containers to maintain freshness. Always refrigerate cooked Mussels promptly to prevent bacterial growth.
Mussels tend to have a shorter shelf life in warmer temperatures, such as summer, due to the increased risk of bacterial growth. During hot weather, Mussels should be refrigerated promptly and consumed within the recommended time frame. In colder temperatures like winter, Mussels may maintain freshness slightly longer but should still be consumed within 3 days for optimal safety.
When transporting Mussels for a 3-hour journey, it's crucial to keep them cold to prevent bacterial growth. Use a portable cooler with ice packs to maintain a temperature below 40°F (4°C). Ensure the Mussels are tightly sealed to prevent leaks and contamination. Upon reaching your destination, refrigerate the Mussels promptly to maintain their quality.
Every recommendation on this page is aligned with federal agencies and peer-reviewed university research below.
Official refrigerator, freezer, and pantry timelines maintained by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Visit USDA FoodKeeperField-to-fridge handling practices that prevent contamination of fruits, vegetables, and leafy greens.
Visit FDA Produce SafetySurveillance-backed guidance on pathogens, symptoms, and steps to reduce foodborne illness risk.
Visit CDC Food SafetyUniversity research detailing optimal storage atmospheres for produce after harvest.
Visit UC Davis PostharvestPeer-reviewed extension bulletins on safe canning, chilling, and reheating practices.
Visit Penn State ExtensionNeed deeper reading? Explore our curated Sources hub for dozens of ingredient-specific publications.
Scan your food directly and get instant safety info using our AI-powered camera feature.
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Important: These are general guidelines based on authoritative sources listed above. Always use your best judgment and when in doubt, throw it out. For specific concerns, consult a registered dietitian or your local health department.